Distilled Water. At the present day, most sea-going vessels are provided with apparatus for distilling the water of the ocean, and so producing a pure and wholesome but insipid water, which can be rendered, however, more palatable by agitation with plenty of fresh air. Hence, the horrible agony of death by thirst among sailors is now much less frequent than formerly, although mariners in open boats, or cast upon small uninhabited islands, still sometimes scan with anxious eyes the briny waste around them, beholding

"Water, water every where, but not a drop to drink."

---

This article tells me something that I had never heard of before as they mention that sea going vessels at the turn of the last century had water distilling devices that they could use to generate water.  Today, we tend to think of swimming pools and home theater seating and tennis and buffets.  Definitely a difference in culture and technology and what you can do with it all.

Additional Articles from the Book of Medicine:

• Quantity of Water Needed
  
  

  Quantity of Water Needed.-the quantity of water needed by man and animals must therefore be very carefully calculated. Repeated experiments upon a very extended scale in England have shown that a healthy man requires daily as drink from 2 to 4 pints of water, this amount being in addition to that which is swallowed as moisture and food. The amount required for cooking is estimated at from having gallantly gallon or more. To this quantity, Dr. Parkes considers should be added for daily ablution, including a sponge bath, 5 gallons; daily share of kitchen and other utensils, and house washing, 3 gallons; and share of clothes washing, another 3 gallons; making up a total of a little over 12 gallons for each individual daily. In the poorer districts of the city of London, the amount used is stated to be only about 5 gallons daily. A shower-bath will require about 4 gallons extra, and a plunge-bath from 40 to 60 gallons. Where water-closets are used in additional quantity of from 4 to 6 gallons daily for each person must be provided.

  In general this is actually one of the more interesting paragraphs that I found in this book. It describes several things that I believe could be rather unique. First it discusses the quantity of water needed for human consumption. It describes experiments done in England and considering that this book was published sometime around the turn-of-the-century around 1916 by my estimates, this would seem to indicate a human water consumption estimates of 2 to 4 pints presented 20 years before the FDA guidelines written by a bureaucrat that suggested that people should drink 8 cups of water a day.

  Furthermore I find this one interesting from the perspective that it discusses how much water people may have used around the turn-of-the-century. I live in the Southeast of the United States and today we are in a drought.. Water consumption is definitely an important issue for the Southeast United States and many other areas of the world. And therefore when I listen to and read some of the items here that describe how much water should be used or could be used, it seems strikingly different than what we might use today, especially as we have many more appliances that use water, and many newer appliances that are designed to be energy-efficient.  Very very interesting section, some of those water estimates seemed very high by todays standards and some seemed relatively low, at dollhouses levels.

• Natural Health Supplements
  
  

  We are still working our way through the anatomy section of the Library of Health. I am going to launch a new section of this site to dive into the Library of Health’s coverage of herbs and natural remedies soon. There is one thing that has changed a great deal over the last year and in doing so has almost not changed at all.

  For hundreds maybe thousands of years people have been looking for better natural health supplements. A hundred years ago people around the world were using all sorts of natural supplements. My great grandfather for example used to hunt ginseng and sell it at market.

  These days ginseng related natural health supplements are extremely common again after decades where they were hardly touched by western medicine. Today’s health supplements have changed in some ways. They are starting to mix natural ingredients with soft science to try potential new products out.

  Many natural health supplements do not undergo rigorous levels of scientific review or study for the effectiveness. They are not regulated as drugs. This creates the potential for risk but also puts the burden on the consumer for experimentation. Its a classic case of buyer beware. Sometimes the buyer may experience something that provides a benefit, sometimes they may experience nothing and sometimes an item may cause them some form of harm.

  The FDA came into existence about 100 years ago to stem the flow of cure all remedies that were often times laced with opiates or cocaine without any labels to indicate these primary ingredients. Natural supplements today do not include opiates or cocaine, but the FDA does not review most of them either. This means that consumers need to be extra diligent about their review of products and companies. It also means that they should consult with their health care provider or physician before mixing any type of supplement into their diet or current medicinal regimes.

• Lead Poison in Water
  
  

  Lead Poison in Water. — these are probably very common throughout our whole country, and, contrary to what at first sight might be imagined, it is likely that led much more frequently and seriously affects the health of people inhabiting small villages and country houses, and that of residence in cities, notwithstanding the latter constantly use water which is brought into their homes through long lines of lead service pipes. The explanation of this seeming paradox is that river water, which is that usually supplied citizens, contains in almost all cases a small amount of the sulfate of lime, sulfate of Magnesia, or some other compound of sulfuric acid, which, when brought in contact with the lead pipes, is decomposed, and the resulting sulfate of lead which is formed as the happy faculty of clinging to the inside of the pipes when it is produced, and this constituting an insoluble lining, which not only protects the tube from further corrosion, but also, what is of far greater importance from a sanitary point of view, prevents any further contamination of drinking water which flows through the conduit.

   

  While people did not fully understand lead poisoning 100 years ago, its obvious that they were starting to learn rapidly and preparing to move into a world where this problem was taken seriously, preventative measures were taken and diagnosis for lead poisoning could be performed.  It was not a Beautifeel world yet but it was taking a step closer.