Blood-vessels of the Liver.  --.  The blood-vessels of the liver are the hepatic artery and veins, and the portal vein; the lymphatic vessels are numerous, and the nerves are supplied from the pneumogastric, the phrenic and the hepatic plexus.  The liver, therefore, receives two kinds of blood: the arterial, by means of the hepatic artery, and the venous, from the portal vein, from which the bile is principally formed.  The bile is a dark golden fluid, of extremely bitter taste, of which 3 pounds is secreted daily.  When not used in digestion is stored away in the gall-bladder; a fine view of the location of which we have in this chart,  the action of the bile on food, but not fully understood, is necessary for perfect digestion.

_____

Again there is a reference to 3 pounds daily.  So now I'm wondering if the 3 pounds of bile that our bodies are supposedly creating everyday is related to the 3 pounds of food or 3 pounds of liquid that were supposed to be consuming.  Maybe it's half-and-half, 1 1/2 pounds of food and one half pounds of water generate 3 pounds of bile secreted from our liver.

I wouldn't bet your vacation home Orlando on it.  I'm also curious as to whether or not the author actually tasted bile from a liver.  In many ways I'm glad I was not a scientist a hundred or 200 years ago. . . .

Additional Articles from the Book of Medicine:

• How is Malaria carried by the Mosquito
  
  

  How is malaria carried by the mosquito?-best imagined that a man has returned from some malarial country takes up his abode in a healthy, yet mosquito infested village.  This man may be fairly over his attack yet he still suffers from an occasional chill with fever.  He has no screens in his house, nor have his neighbors, unless previously told to follow such cautions.  A female as Cato are several attack in and stuck his blood which contains these tiny parasites.  The mosquito takes millions of the little parasites which then undergo a development in the body of the insect and can be seen microscopically in the stomach and intestine, and the small glands in its mouth, which secrete saliva.  Now let us follow the mosquito and see what harm it can cause any community.  It flies through a screen door or window and lights on the arm, etc., of an unsuspecting neighbor.  Inviting a person the mosquito ejects or gives off its saliva into the womb to eight in diluting the blood of a person which it has been, as the blood is too thick to be sucked up to the tiny tube in the bill (proboscis) of the mosquito.  In this way the bite of the female mosquito whose body contains a small animal error sites which cause malaria, as by means of the saliva into the blood of the person during the act of sucking up the blood.  Does the mosquito sucks up the blood of the individual and in exchange injects into his blood the saliva contains parasites.  These parasites multiply in the blood of the person bitten and produce poisons which give rise to the chills, fever, aching limbs, etc., known as malaria, malarial fever or “odd,” (chills and fever).  It can readily be seen how malaria will spread when individuals in the community have millions of parasites in the blood, and at the same time as Cato’s are carrying around in their bodies, millions of the same living germs which they sought from the blood of the infected person, develop and inject them into the blood of every person they bite.

  You will notice as you read the follow on sections covering Mosquitos and Malaria that the book is big on talking about where they live, but not terribly practical on how to actually deal with the insects.  There are more references to different possible breeding places than there are gears in a Patek Gondolo watch.

• Grace and Ease in Walking
  
  

  Grace and Ease in Walking.- in the several beautiful and anatomical charts illustrating the bony, muscular and an internal mechanism of the human frame we have been consciously awakened to its complexity we been forcibly impressed as the amazing skill in wisdom displayed in his marvelous arrangement, and at the general order, system, harmony and perfection which everywhere prevails throughout the diversified contrivance of the body.  But its wonders do not stop there.  The graceful motion, ease with which we won, lead, etc., demonstrating with/entity difference Russell’s concern to those movements contract and obey the impulse of the will.

  This is the last section of entries from Book 1 of the Book of Medicine and soon I will be toasting the completion of the transcription of the first 70 pages of the book toasting myself with a nice red wine in a new set of Riedel wine glasses.  I am going to be temporarily skipping Book 2 on anatomy and focus next on Book 3 ‘Preventative Medicine’ which includes such interesting sections as ‘How to Get Rid of Flies’ and killing cockroaches, sexual diseases and sexual education for children. I’ve got a feeling this next section will be much more interesting.

  Here’s the last few sections all together to complete Book 1.

  The Voice.- the voice may utter 1500 letters in a minute, yet the articulation of each of those sounds requires a different and distinct position of the vocal organs, the muscles of which move a surprising celerity and swiftness.

  Deafness of the Fingers.- in music we train the muscles of the fingers until the glide over the keyboard of the piano with dexterity and precision, and perform the most simple and delightfully exquisite music and onto the grand, difficult and complex passage of a private harmony.  The mind of the skillful and professional violinist is upon the music which his right hand is executing by the very movements of the bow, yet the muscles of his left hand and fingers are deathly engaged in determining the length of the space of the strings, the character and duration of each note; and so rapidly, carefully, aye, even unconsciously are these complex movements made, but not a false note is heard, though the variation of a singles hair’s breadth would cause a discord, and is spoil the pleasing effect of the music, and destroy the attractiveness of its harmony.

  Muscle Development.- the bicep muscle in the arm of the blacksmith may grow strong, Howard, firm, and a solid almost as a club; the legs of the pedestrian may become large and well developed; the hand of a prizefighter trains over the force of a sledgehammer; while the end and terms, engraver trees line so delicate line as the invisible to the naked eye, and the fingers of the blind acquirer delicacy of touch that almost compensates for the missing sense.  Thus there are few conceptions of the designing mine which the muscular system of man cannot be made to execute and perform.

• Cause of Goitre
  
  

  Cause of Goitre. — the swelling of the thyroid gland in the neck, producing the repulsive deformity of Goitre, or Derby Shire neck, seems to be intimately connected with mineral impurities and water. In Nottingham England, where this disease is not unfrequently met with, the common people attribute it to the hardness of the water, and in other parts of Great Britain is found to prevail only, or at least especially, in those districts where the magnesium limestone formation abounds.

   

  Okay I have to admit that this time I had no idea what goiter was, or why it was spelled with what appears to be a French spelling. But I was curious and so I decided to look it up on Wikipedia.  When I did this, I found thisdisturbing pictureof a woman with an extremely swollen neck.

  So as I look this up on Wikipedia, I learned that basically this disease occurs due to a lack of iodine.  It’s not caused by the presence of chemicals as thought 100 years ago,but by the absenceof iodine in a person’s diet.

  Today salt is commonly fortified with iodine, which helps to prevent the spread of this disease.

   

   

  Here’s an interesting history on the treatment of goitre from Wikipedia, which might help with this and more perspective.

  Chinese physicians of the Tang Dynasty (618–907) were the first to successfully treat patients with goiter by using the iodine-rich thyroid gland of animals such as sheep and pigs—in raw, pill, or powdered-mixture-in-wine form.^[1] This was outlined in Zhen Quan’s (died 643 AD) book, as well as several others.^[2] One Chinese book (i.e. The Pharmacopoeia of the Heavenly Husbandman) asserted that iodine-rich sargassum was used to treat goiter patients by the 1st century BC, but this book was written much later.^[3]

  In the 12th century, al-Jurjani, a Persian physician, provided the first description of Graves’ disease after noting the association of goitre and exophthalmos in his Thesaurus of the Shah of Khwarazm, the major medical dictionary of its time.^[4][5] Al-Jurjani also established an association between goitre and palpitation.^[6] The disease was later named after Irish doctor Robert James Graves,^[7] who described a case of goiter with exophthalmos in 1835. The German Karl Adolph von Basedow also independently reported the same constellation of symptoms in 1840, while earlier reports of the disease were also published by the Italians Giuseppe Flajani and Antonio Giuseppe Testa, in 1802 and 1810 respectively,^[8] and by the English physician Caleb Hillier Parry (a friend of Edward Jenner) in the late 18th century.^[9]

  Paracelsus (1493–1541) was the first person to propose a relationship between goitre and minerals (particularly lead) in drinking water.^[10] Iodine was later discovered by Bernard Courtois in 1811 from seaweed ash.

  Goitre was previously common in many areas that were deficient in iodine in the soil. For example, in the English Midlands, the condition was known as Derbyshire Neck. In the United States, goitre was found in the Great Lakes, Midwest, and Intermountain regions. The condition now is practically absent in affluent nations, where table salt is supplemented with iodine. However, it is still prevalent in India,^[11] Central Asia and Central Africa.

  Some health workers fear that a resurgence of goitre might occur because of the trend to use rock salt and/or sea salt, which has not been fortified with iodine. New research indicates that there may in fact be a tendency to inherit an increased vulnerability to goitre.

   

  Interesting, but I’m glad we figured out the cause and the solution for this one.  Next up, Viagra and acne cream,   just kidding seems like we’ve covered some of the more serious things over the last hundred years and now fiddling around with less serious things.