As we review the history of medical instruction in the book of medicine, it becomes somewhat apparent that things were typically done more out of a need for necessity.  Sometimes the perspective was based on false premises, sometimes the science or medicine was wrong, and sometimes the wrong treatment was utilized, but one commonality seems to be the perceived necessity.  One hundred years ago when surgical procedures were not much better than they were 1,000 years ago, you didn't fix something that wasn't broken and typically you didn't fix something unless it was very broken.

Today we fix things that are not broken all the time.  We fix things to make them better than they were originally.  'Better' is loosely defined in medicine today. It can mean an aesthetic improvement or a functional improvement or a combination of the two.

One sub niche of cosmetic surgery is ethnic plastic surgery. This area of medicine focuses on changing physical traits that are common to one ethnic group.  Sometimes that physical characteristic is changed in a way that reduces the perception of the trait being identifiable from that original ethnic source.

Another niche of cosmetic surgery is a localized procedure for beverly hills breast reduction.  Breast augmentations are typically aesthetically driven, and they are usually augmented by increasing size or volume of the breast.  Some women choose to go the other direction.  Breast reductions can be driven by aesthetic purposes, but they can also be driven by functional purposes as well.  The reduction can reduce body weight and make movement and exercise more comfortable.

A third niche of cosmetic surgery is los angeles liposuction.  This process is often cosmetic but does provide health benefits by reducing the straing on the heart and other systems.  Liposuction removes body fat from localized areas of the body.  It literally sucks the fatty tissue out of the body.  When people gain weight they can grow new fat cells.  When they loose weight they do not loose fat cells, the cells just get smaller.  Liposuction removes the fast cells, making it somewhat easier to maintain a new lower weight.

Additional Articles from the Book of Medicine:

• The Toes
  
  

  The Toes. — the toes are observed to be straightforward and align with the general contour of the foot. This is their natural position. The beautiful outlet of the natural foot, is here represented in the several different views, the graceful arch of the instep the elegance of its form, it’s marvelous elasticity and string all combine to make the foot that only of great perfection in beauty, but admirably did it for the manifold duties is called upon to perform. Man, in his diversified labors and very trials throughout life, is sometimes obliged to walk, run, jump, leap, climb, stand erect, lean forward, etc., and he depends upon the foot to maintain his equilibrium in the performance of the several duties.

  This section provides us with a great deal of non-information about the toes that your average 4 year old intuits without having to verbalize and often verbalizes none-the-less.  This section might as well offer up an auto insurance quote advertisement as opposed to supposedly providing medical education information on appendages attached to our feet.

• Wonders of Sight, Hearing, Touch and Locomotion
  
  

  Next we will start to explore Chart III.  This is a relatively short section and it will conclude book 1 on the Human body. 

  Just to give you a little hint of what is to come, each section here seems to kick off with the description of “something” and Its Wonders.

  Example

  The Eye and Its Wonders

  The Ear and Its Wonders

  The Hand its Mechanisms and its Wonderful Endowments

  I’m not making that up.  You’ll see . . .

• The Intestines
  
  

  The Intestines.  — the next chart shows us the manner in which the intestines are arranged in the abdominal cavity.  The entire intestinal can now is about 30 feet in length, and is divided into two portions — the small intestines, and the large intestines; these again are each subdivided into three different portions.  Of the large intestines, the transfers portion is laid open, showing the internal arrangements.  A section of the bladder is even on this chart.

  _______

  I really don’t have any clue what they’re talking about when they refer to the three portions subdividing both the large and small intestines.  Is nothing in the chart that mentions this subdivision and I’ve never heard of anything like that before in regards to the intestines.  This could be my lame and ignorance or it could be some odd notion espoused in this book.  They also mention that the link to the intestines is approximately 30 feet.  I seem to recall from my grade school education 25 years ago, that the length was 26 feet for the small intestine and six to 7 feet for the large intestine or was that 3 feet for the large intestine?

  My fourth-grade education combined with my loss of memory over 25 years may be getting the best of me.  Maybe I spent too much time at the drive-in watching movies freezing my toes off as I laid on top of the roof of our van, clinging to a van rack.  I’m sure that would seem extremely strange to the writers of this book and possibly even to my readers is not been to a drive-in before during the fall.